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Camera RAW - 3 ° parte

After describing the controls in the column to the right of Camera RAW , we go to the toolbar located in the upper left, just above the open the box containing the image:

- The first icon that represents a magnifying glass, you can adjust the zoom level to be applied to the photograph that appears, look useful to appreciate the quality of ' image or the result of interventions, the range is very broad and ranges from a minimum of 6% to a maximum of 400%, and if you want the photo back to its original size just click "Fit to View" .

- The icon with the hand, once enlarged the photo, you can move the image inside of the display, so you can see the parts that had used the zoom is hidden.

- The first icon dropper is used to set the white balance, just choose a gray area of \u200b\u200bmedium density and click on the mouse, Camera RAW will set the color balance by taking as reference to the RGB values \u200b\u200bof the area. If the result does not satisfy us we can fine-tune the adjustment using the commands "temperature" and "color" , panel on "Base" (see previous post), or possibly return to the initial selecting Section "White Balance" option "As Shot" .

- The second icon dropper is a simple sampler: Located on a point of the image provides an accurate reading of the three RGB (red, green and blue) that make up the color . For each click with the left mouse button on the image icon appears that indicates the point of reading, and just below the toolbar shows the relative RGB data (you can do up to 9 readings, to be left available on the screen).

- Soon after we find the tool icon "cutter" , which allows you to crop the image, you want to improve the picture (eg, rule of thirds) or to delete anything that disturbs the sides of the picture . After selecting the cutter can be accessed by clicking the right mouse button to drop down menu that allows you to rework the proportions of the crop, and if you are not satisfied with the results simply click on " Clear cutting ". The management of the command is identical to that on photoshop: you place the mouse on one of the corners of the image we want to be visible and holding the left mouse button you move diagonally until you reach the opposite corner, we will report a frame partially opaque area that we are removing the sides and corners are available handles command allow further refinement of the setting, but if we go to the center of the image and hold down the left mouse button, we can move the crop area selected for power better than the main subject.

- The next icon activates the "straighten" useful to realign the photo in case, there being no lack of references in the recovery phase, we got a picture angle from the horizontal.

Once you select the command we can trace with the left mouse button and hold the horizon line, or if it is not visible any line that is perfectly horizontal or vertical in the photo. Camera RAW will clip the image tilting it just enough that achieves the desired alignment, you will notice that after you draw the line, the command will be moved automatically to "Cutter" and that the size and angle of the box may be changed at will if the result does not satisfy us.

- So let the instrument "Retouching" , which allows you to remedy any problems such as spots left by dust on the sensor, delete something in the background that disturb, or a plot to clone an object to improve the f ' oto. As you can see in the image on the side commands are:

- Radius: with which adjust the radius of a circle that area to be corrected.
- Fix: samples the data around the area to be retouched by making them pay as texture, light and shade to those selected.
- Drops: apply to the chosen area to be retouched.


For example, in the two images on the sides, the tower in the background is erased and replaced it with a piece of heaven.

- The next tool is the one that fixes the red eyes , a problem that can occur if the flash is on the same axis with the lens and the subject's face: the bright light emitted shines directly on the bottom of the retina of the subject, which, being heavily supplied with blood is red. These settings allow you to select the radius to fit exactly the size of the pupil and modulate the intensity of the intervention, the mouse pointer changes to indicate clearly the use of the instrument and allow to better position themselves at the center of the pupil.

- then we find the icon that opens the window Preferences :

E 'can be defined to save the file and should be saved as the settings used in the preparation of files managed by Camera RAW: all settings are transformed into metadata "xmp" , which normally prefers to be embedded in the image file, but you can also store them as separate files or in a separate database that is synchronized with the files relating to the photos. You can select the option to save the same settings for a specific model of camera or a specific ISO value, apply an automatic adjustment of tone (do not recommend it), or use the default setting the program to scale conversion gray (default).
We have seen that we deal with Camera RAW files "rough", but the application can process TIFF or JPG files too, opting for the chance to directly open files only from rawJPG or TIFF.

- The last two icons on the toolbar to simply rotate the image open 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise, to work more easily on the pictures taken vertically.

As reported refers to Camera RAW 4.6, later versions have been implemented additional tools which I will mention will be completed after the description of this release.

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Camera RAW - Part 2

We continue what we started on the first part, continuing with the description of the commands on the right-hand column of Camera RAW .

Panel Details:

- Sharpness:

command "factor" adjust the intensity of sharpness;
"Ray" be defined as the extent of detail to which it applies the sharpness ;
"Details" the lowest increase of sharpness will act mainly on the edges, with higher values \u200b\u200bmoves the image texture;
"Masking" acts by counteracting sharper edges without touching the flat areas.

- Noise Reduction:

command "Luminance" operates on monochromatic grain (similar to film grain B & W), while the "Color" reduces artifacts that manifest themselves through the ; dots of different colors, that are evident mainly in the areas of solid color.

To appreciate properly what effect it produces on the image and avoid exaggerating the correction to include any artifacts, it is preferable to display the image with a magnification factor of 100%.

Panel HSL / Grayscale:

E 'divided into three sections: Hue, Saturation and Luminance (HSL, namely: Hue, Saturation and Lightness), for each one of which can intervene with precision on a set of eight basic colors: Red , Orange, Yellow , Verdi, Aquamarine, Blue, Purple and Magenta.

Top, then there is the opportunity to check on the command: "Convert to grayscale" that automatically converts the black and white photos as a reference white balance on the photo.

Panel Lens Correction:

- "chromatic aberration"
section has two commands to correct the margin red / cyan " and" blue / yellow ", which allow you to limit the effects of chromatic aberration. To mitigate any residual stains may use the "Delete margin" setting to "All edges " (in this case we need to work with the zoom to 100%).

-" Lens Vignetting "
optics can compensate for any deficiency that led to a reduction brightness on the edges of the image, or you may want to use creatively vigettatura to focus the viewers eye to the main subject.

- "vignetting after cropping"
since the vignetting can also be used to creatively it is necessary to act on a cropped image by defining the central point of application, form oval, and the gradient layer.

Panel Division Toni:

lets you apply special color photography, a bit like you would use the filters in the recovery phase.

are adjusted separately "Hue" and "Saturation" of Lights and Shadows . The cursor

"Balance" , allows to vary the threshold that separates everything that must be considered as part of the lights and the shadows.

Panel Camera Calibration:

On Camera RAW you can use color profiles characteristic of the various models of cameras, in order to get the color reproduction faithfully as possible. But since this is not always sufficient, because it can be useful to have specific profiles for each machine Abina / lens and different lighting conditions, it is possible to create custom profiles, looks anything but simple, if not dealt with proper preparation, using tools and software configurations.

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Camera RAW - Part 1

The so-called "development process" a digital photo (sometimes reported by the terms "development in Camera Lucida" ), through which reveal the image taken and act on parameters such as: exposure, contrast, saturation, sharpness, etc. ., does not involve the use of chemicals as they did with film in traditional photography, but is realized through the use of specific software.

If you store your images as RAW files (translated into Italian: raw), the chances of getting the best image is taken are much higher, given that we have collected primary data from the sensor and which has not yet spoken with optimization processes, as is the case in which the camera records images directly in JPG files. In fact, on one hand the use of standard JPEG compression significantly reduces the weight of the individual photos to store, the other always involves a loss of information, and the process is automatic does not always return the best results or as hoped by the photographer. However, if you will still need to take action to improve the photo in JPG, and whenever you make adjustments to the file and then make a new save, it will be a further loss of image quality for each next step. Working
instead on RAW files (which will always be available with its unmodified basic data), we can save in JPG only when we are satisfied with the result, not only we will have complete control over the image, but we will also have the opportunity to obtain the highest possible quality in the characteristics of the captured image.
The software used for the detection of RAW image and its development is: Adobe Camera RAW , plugin embedded in the program Photoshop. Let's see how it's done and what commands:

- The central area is reserved for displaying the image, and in its frame at the bottom you can see: the middle name of the file, while the left is the 'indication of the magnification of the image and controls to increase in order to facilitate verification of the results obtained during the adjustment.
- In the left column we find the RGB histogram, representing the brightness levels in the image, and just below the data for: aperture, exposure time, sensitivity and focus, used for the shot. In the top corners to the sides of the histogram are two buttons that allow you to highlight: the left in shadow areas with excess (the image will be in dark blue), and the right lights in excess (in red) sonsentiranno we also check visually the effect of the interventions made
to recover those areas that would otherwise be totally devoid of detail, due to a marked over-or underexposure.

Immediately below is a group of buttons that make access to the control panels of the present regulations, examine them from the first left:

Control Panel "Base":

- White Balance: you can ask the program to use an automatic balance, or select one corresponding to standard conditions similar to those we find in our camera. But if we want to regulate more precisely the balance of our photos we can move the slider of the "temperature" of color (TDA 2000K to 50.000K), and also make compensation for any remaining dominant colors with green or magenta, via the cursor adjustment of the "Hue".

- Display: adjusts the overall exposure of the photo, acting on all areas of the image (showing the values \u200b\u200bin "stop") and allows to exploit the full dynamic range of RAW files.

- Recovery: acts mainly on the lighter areas of the picture dark.


- Fill Light: acts mainly on dark areas, clearing.

- Blacks: shifts the threshold that determines what level of color density will be played as if they were equal to black.

- Brightness: acting on any photo (light and shadow), expanding or compressing the range available, while the exposure is only by a shift to the two extremes of values.

- Contrast: apply a correction to the non-linear tone curve, getting to change the transition from one hue to another.

- Clarity emphasizes the depth of the image by emphasizing small differences in color and brightness, acts mainly on the intermediate tones or halftones.

- Brightness: adjusts the saturation acting mainly on the colors duller.

- Saturation: acts equally on all the colors in a linear fashion.

Panel "Tone Curve": proposes the histogram shows only the brightness values \u200b\u200band changes the image contrast operating on four main areas: lighting, light colors, dark colors and shadows. You can adjust the individual area by using the appropriate sliders, and how to change the tone curve on the chart that originally was represented by a straight line (linear response). If you prefer we can also choose to work manually for "points" by changing the shape of the curve directly on the graph.
changing the position of the three arrows in the diagram, and delimiting the field of the four areas described above, you may have employed curve to any number of things can change in a more precise answer to some specific areas.

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A calendar for 2011

Another year has passed and as often happens, we are already thinking of giving us a timetable for the new one, but since we are passionate about photography why not try to make one with our photos ?

On the internet I have seen many programs that are fit for purpose, but wanting to focus on free software and easy to use, after having viewed several sites I chose to do a test with TKexe - Kalender that you can download here in the latest version (also available in Italian), or from some specific sites such as:
ProgrammiPC or SempreSoftware .

Once loaded the program, each entry you will be asked if you want to open a calendar previously stored or build a new giving it a name, made the latter choice will be taken to the page, select the type of calendar to realize: I have decided to use the classic one, with one page per month, so you can put a good number of photos (12 + 1 month for the cover).
The next step is the selection of the format: I left because it corresponds roughly 20x30 A4, and easy to print both in the laboratory
handmade in house, then follows the confirmation of the number of pages and the reference even though this decision may also be changed later.

He thus arrives at the page where you can choose the look and feel of the calendar: some schemes are not many, but on each base can then make changes that we please (see two examples picture below).

Once you have chosen to work on the scheme, the program creates the pages with the calendar for the year selected and you can insert pictures for each month and eventually add descriptions of the photos, or any other writing, choosing fonts and colors you prefer.

If we go on the top menu bar and select the "Elements", we can also change other aspects of the graphic calendar.

If we move on in the menu item "Settings", you can also decide to include and highlight the public holidays or special days.

Make all the changes we can save the project, and also store individual pages of the months as image files, bring them to the lab to print or make available to other calendar.

Beside find just the thirteen jpg file of my 2011 calendar, which you can download and print from Picasa if you like, I used to do some photos taken in 2010 in Cagliari province.